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| dharmasvarūpaviparītasādhana (viruddhahetvābhāsa) |
NPra 3. 2. 3. 1: dharmasvarūpaviparītasadhano yathā /
nityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāt prayatnānantarīyakatvād veti /
ayaṃ hetur vipakṣa eva bhāvād viruddhaḥ //
HTU 49: yathā
śabdo dharmī
nitya iti sādhyo dharmaḥ
kṛtakatvād
ākāśādivat /
ayaṃ hetur ghaṭādau vipakṣa evāsti na sapakṣe //
HTU 50. tathā
śabdo dharmī nitya iti sādhye prayatnānantarīyakatvād iti hetur
ākāśādau sapakṣe nāsty eva / vipakṣaikadeśe ghaṭādau vidyate na vidyudādau // etau dvau hetū dharmasvarūpaviparītasādhanau // |
| dharmaviśeṣaviparītasādhana (viruddhahetvābhāsa) |
NPra 3. 2. 3. 2: dharmaviśeṣaviparītasādhano yathā /
parārthāś cakṣurādayaḥ saṃghātatvāc chayanāsanādyaṅgaviśeṣavad iti /
ayaṃ hetur yathā pārārthyaṃ cakṣurādīnāṃ sādhayati yathā saṃhatatvam api parasyātmanaḥ sādhayati / ubhayatrāvyabhicārāt /
HTU 51: dharma[viśeṣa]viparītasādhano yathā /
cakṣurādhaya iti dharmī
parārthā iti sādhyo dharmaḥ
saṃghatatvād iti hetuḥ /
mañcapīṭhādivad iti sapakṣavacanam /
ayaṃ tu hetur yathā cakṣurādīnāṃ pārārthyaṃ sādhayati / tathā saṃghātatvaṃ parasya sādhayati / mañcapīṭhādīnāṃ saṃghātasya devadattādeḥ parasyopakāradarśanāt // |
| dharmisvarūpaviparītasadhana (viruddhahetvābhāsa) |
NPra 3. 2. 3. 3: dharmisvarūpaviparītasādhano yathā /
na dravyaṃ na karma na guṇo bhāvaḥ
ekadravyavattvāt guṇakarmasu ca bhāvāt
sāmānyaviśeṣavad iti /
ayaṃ hi hetur yathā dravyādipratiṣedhaṃ bhāvasya sādhayati yathā bhāvasyābhāvatvam api sādhayati / ubhayatrāvyabhicārāt //
HTU 52: dharmisvarūpaviparītasādhano yathā /
pṛthivyādir dharmī buddhimaddhetujanya iti sādhye
sāśrayatvād iti hetuḥ /
ghaṭādivad iti sapakṣavacanam /
ayaṃ hetur yathā buddhimaddhetujanyatvaṃ sādhayati tathā buddhimataḥ kartuḥ sāśrayatvam api sādhayati // |
| dharmiviśeṣaviparītasādhana (viruddhahetvābhāsa) |
NPra 3. 2. 3. 4: dharmiviśeṣaviparītasādhano yathā / ayam eva hetur asminn eva pūrvapakṣe 'syaiva dharmiṇo yo viśeṣaḥ satpratyayakartṛtvaṃ nāma tadviparītam asatpratyayakartṛtvam api sādhayati / ubhayatrāvyabhicārāt //
HTU 53: dharmiviśeṣaviparītasādhano yathā / vaiśeṣikasya mīmāṃsa[ka]ṃ praty
ātmā dharmī cetayata iti sādhye
cetanādhiṣṭhānatvād iti hetur
ātmano 'cetanasya yathā caitanyaṃ sādhayati / tathā hetur ayam anityatvam api sadhayati / anityatvād vijñānasya // |
| dharmyasiddha (hetvābhāss) |
NB 3.67: dharmyasiddhāv apy asiddhaḥ, yathā
sarvagata ātmā iti sādhye
sarvatropalambhamānaguṇatvam //
HTU 34: dharmyasiddhāv apy asiddho yathā /
ātmā dharmī sarvagata iti sādhye
sarvatropalabhyamānaguṇatvād iti hetuḥ // |
| dūṣaṇa |
NB 3.138-139: dūṣaṇāni nyūnatādyuktiḥ // ye pūrvaṃ nyūnatādayaḥ sādhanadoṣā uktās teṣām udbhāvanaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ tena pareṣṭārthasiddhipratibandhāt //
NPra 5: sādhanadoṣodbhāvanānii dūṣaṇāni // sādhanadoṣo nyūnatvam / pakṣadoṣaḥ pratyakṣādiviruddhatvam / hetudoṣo 'siddhānaikāntikaviruddhatvam / dṛṣṭāntadoṣaḥ sādhanadharmādyasiddhatvam / tasyodbhāvanaṃ prāśnikapratyāyanaṃ dūṣaṇam //
HTU 82: eta eva sarve pakṣahetudṛṣṭāntābhāsāḥ / vādinā sādhayitum iṣṭam arthaṃ na sādhyantīti sādhanābhāsā vādino bhavanti / evaṃ ca prativādinā dūṣaṇatvenopanyastā dūṣaṇāni bhavanti / pūrvapakṣavādino 'bhipretārthasiddhipratibandhāt / sādhanasya nyūnatodbhāvanam eva dūṣaṇasya lakṣaṇaṃ vibhajya pṛthag ucyate /
TSop 3.22. dūṣaṇā nyūnatādyuktiḥ / dūṣyate 'nayeti dūṣaṇā / ṇyāsaśrantho yuc / ādiśabdenāsiddhaviruddhānaikāntikāḥ / dṛṣṭāntadoṣāś ca gṛhyante ye pūrvaṃ nyūnatādayaḥ sādhanadoṣā uktās teṣām udbhāvanaṃ tena pareṣṭārthasiddhipratibandhāt / anena ca yad ahrīkeṇoktaṃ viparyayasādhanam eva dūṣaṇaṃ nānyad iti tad api parāstaṃ draṣṭavyam / na hi viparyayasādhanād eva dūṣaṇam / viruddhavat / api tu parasyābhipretaniścayapratibandhāt / niścayābhāvo vā bhavati niścayaviparyaya ity asty eva viparyayasiddhiḥ / |
| dūṣaṇābhāsa |
NB 3.140-141: dūṣaṇābhāsās tu jātayaḥ // abhūtadoṣodbhāvanāni jātyuttarāṇīti //
NPra 6: abhūtasādhanadoṣdbhāvanāni dūṣaṇābhāsāni // saṃpūrṇe sādhane nyūnatvavacanam / aduṣṭapakṣe pakṣadoṣavacanam / siddhahetuke 'siddhahetukaṃ vacanam / ekāntahetuke 'nekāntahetukaṃ vacanam / aviruddhahetuke viruddhahetukaṃ vacanam / aduṣṭadṛṣṭānte duṣṭadṛṣṭāntadoṣadoṣavacanam / etāni dūṣaṇābhāsāni / na hy ebhiḥ parapakṣo dūṣyate / niravadyatvāt tasya //
HTU 83: dūṣaṇābhāsaḥ / etāny eva dūṣaṇāni prativādinoktāni / yadā pūrvapakṣavādī mithyādūṣaṇatvena pratipādayatīti tadā dūṣaṇābhāsā jātaya iti paṭhyante / abhūtadoṣodbhāvanāni mithyottarāṇi jātyuttarāṇīti vacanāt / yathāduṣṭapakṣe pakṣadoṣodbhāvanaṃ nirdoṣe hetau hetudoṣakhyāpanam / aduṣṭadṛṣṭānte dṛṣṭāntadoṣopādānaṃ dūṣaṇābhāsa iti nyāyāt //
TSop 3.22: dūṣaṇābhāsās tu jātayaḥ abhūtadoṣodbhāvanāni jātyuttarāṇi jātyā sadṛśyenottarāṇi / uttarasthānaprayuktatvād // |
| dṛśyānupalabdhi |
TSop 2.11. bhavatv anupalabdhiḥ sā dṛśyatā tu katham /
ucyate / dṛśyatve 'py anupalabdhir iti kṛtvā / tathā hi yadi śītasparśo dṛśyo bhavet tadā tasyopalabdhiṃ niṣedhyābhāvavyāpto vahnir viruṇaddhy eva / evam abhāvasādhanī sarvaivānupalabdhir vyāptisāmarthyād dṛśyasyopalabdhiṃ viruṇaddhīti sāmarthyāt svabhāvānupalabdhir bhavati / na sākṣāt / yasyāṃ tv anupalabdhau tadaiva tam eva pratipattāraṃ prati dṛśyatvam pratiṣedhyasya siddhaṃ dṛśyānupalabdhir eva tasyāḥ svalakṣaṇam iti sākṣāt svabhāvānupalabdhiḥ /
yat punar anyair ucyate / yady api saṃpratitanī dṛśyānupalabdhir nāsti virodhādikāle tv āsīt saiva bhāvapratipattinibandhanam iti / tena dṛṣyānupalabdhipūrvatvāt svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyādīnāṃ dṛśyānupalabdhāv antarbhāvaḥ / saṃpratitanyāś ca dṛśyānupalabdher abhāvāt tatsvabhāvānupalabdher anyāsām anupalabdhīnāṃ bheda iti //
2.12. yad api kaiścit svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyādīnām anumitānumānatayā dṛśyānupalabdhirūpatocyate / dūrād vahne rūpaviśeṣaṃ dṛṣṭvā uṣṇasparśaviśeṣas taddeśavyāpako 'numīyate tasmāc ca śītasparśābhāvapratītiḥ / āhatya tu dṛśyānupalabdher anudayād dṛśyānupalabdher bhedena nirdeśaḥ / ata eva cānumitānumānam etat kevalam atyantābhyāsāj jhaṭiti tathābhūtapratītyudaye saty ekam anumānam ucyate / vastutas tv anekam anumānam etad evaṃ anyatrāpi vyāpakaviruddhopalambhādāv ūhyam iti dvayam apy etan na manasi toṣam ādadhāti // |
| dṛṣṭānta |
NB 3122-123: trirūpo hetur uktaḥ / tāvatā cārthapratītir(/tāvataivārtha-) iti na pṛthag dṛṣṭānto nāma sādhanāvayavaḥ kaścid / tena nāsya lakṣaṇaṃ pṛthag ucyate gatārthatvāt // hetoḥ sapakṣa eva sattvam asapakṣāc ca sarvato vyāvṛttī rūpam uktam abhedena / punar viśeṣeṇa kāryasvabhāvayor [uktalakṣaṇayor] janmatanmātrānubandhau darśanīyāv uktau / tac ca darśayatā---
yatra dhūmas tatrāgnir asaty agnau na kvacid dhūmo yathā mahānasetarayoḥ,
yatra kṛtakatvaṃ tatrānityatvam, anityatvābhāve kṛtakatvāsambhavo yathā ghaṭākāśayor iti
darśanīyam / na hy anyathā sapakṣavipakṣayoḥ sadasattve yathoktaprakāre śakye darśayitum / tat kāryatāniyamaḥ kāryaliṅgasya svabhāvaliṅgasya ca svabhāvena vyāptiḥ / asmiṃś ca arthe darśite darśita eva dṛṣṭānto bhavati. etāvānmātrarūpatvāt tasya iti //
NPra 2. 3: dṛṣṭānto dvividhaḥ / sādharmyeṇa vaidharmyeṇa ca //
TSop 3.18. trilakṣaṇo hetur uktas tāvatārthapratītir iti na pṛthag dṛṣṭānto nāma sādhanāvayavaḥ kaścit / tena nāsya lakṣaṇaṃ pṛthag ucyate gatārthatvāt /
hetoḥ sapakṣa eva sattvam asapakṣāc ca sarvato vyavṛttī rūpam uktam abhedena / punar aviśeṣeṇa kāryasvabhāvayor janmatanmātrānubandhau darśanīyāv uktau / rūpaśabdaḥ pratyekam abhisaṃbadhyate / hetoḥ sapakṣa eva sattvam iti sādhyenānugatam idam ekaṃ rūpam asapakṣāc ca sarvato vyāvṛttir iti sādhyanivṛttyā nivṛttir asya dvitīyaṃ rūpam uktam / abhedeneti svabhāvādihetum akṛtvā / janmatanmātre saty anubaddhau / sādhanaṃ kṛteti samāsaḥ / tac ca darśayatā
[yatra] dhūmas tatrāgnir iti asaty agnau na kvacid dhūmo yathā mahānasetarayoḥ /
yatra kṛtakatvaṃ tatrānityatvam anityatvābhāve kṛtakatvāsaṃbhavo yathā ghaṭākāśayor iti
darśanīyam / na hy anyathā sapakṣavipakṣayoḥ sadasattve yathoktaprakāre śakye darśayitum / tatkāryatāniyamaḥ kāryaliṅgasya ca svabhāvavyāptiḥ / tasyāgnyādeḥ kāryaṃ tatkāryaṃ tasya bhāvas tatkāryatā / na hy anyathā śakyo darśyitum iti liṅgavacanavipariṇāmena sambandhanīyam // |
| dṛṣṭāntadoṣa/dṛṣṭāntābhāsa |
NB 3.124: etenaiva dṛṣṭāntadoṣā api nirastā bhavanti //
NB 3.125: yathā
nityaḥ śabdo 'mūrtatvāt / karmavat paramāṇuvad ghaṭavad iti /
[ete dṛṣṭāntābhāsāḥ] sādhyasādhanadharmobhayaikalāḥ //
NB 3.126:tathā sandigdhasādhyadharmādayaś ca, yathā
rāgādimān ayaṃ vacanād rathyāpuruṣavat /
maraṇadharmo 'yaṃ puruṣo rāgādimattvād rathyāpuruṣavat /
asarvajño 'yaṃ rāgādimatvād rathyāpuruṣavad iti //
NB 3.127: [tathā] ananvayo apradarśitānvayaś ca, yathā
yo vaktā sa rāgādimān, iṣṭapuruṣavat /
anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād ghaṭavad iti //
NB 3.128:tathā viparītānvayaḥ,
yad anityaṃ tat kṛtakam iti //
NB 3.129: sādharmyeṇa dṛṣṭāntadoṣāḥ //
NB 3.130: vaidharmyeṇāpi /
paramāṇuvat karmavad ākāśavad iti
sādhyādyavyatirekiṇaḥ //
NB 3.131: tathā sandigdhasādhyavyatirekādayaḥ, yathāsarvajñāḥ kapilādayo 'nāptā vā, avidyamānasarvajñatāptatāliṅgabhūtapramāṇātiśayaśāsanatvād iti /
atra vaidharmyodāharaṇam, yaḥ sarvajña āpto vā sa jyotirjñānādikam upadiṣṭavān, yathā ṛṣabhavardhamānādir iti / tatrāsarvajñatānāptayoḥ sādhyadharmayoḥ sandigdho vyatirekaḥ //
NB 3.132: sandigdhasādhanavyatireko yathā, na trayīvidā brāhmaṇena grāhyavacanaḥ kaścid vivakṣitaḥ puruṣo rāgādimattvād iti / atra vaidharmyodāharaṇam, ye grāhyavacanā na te rāgādimantaḥ / tad yathā gautamādayo dharmaśāstrāṇāṃ praṇetāra iti. gautamādibhyo rāgādimattvasya sādhanadharmasya vyāvṛttiḥ sandigdhā //
NB 3.133: sandigdhobhayavyatireko yathā, avītarāgāḥ kapilādayaḥ, parigrahāgrahayogād iti / atra vaidharmyeṇodāharaṇam, yo vītarāgo na tasya parigrahāgrahaḥ, yathā ṛṣabhāder iti / ṛṣabhāder avītarāgatvaparigrahāgrahayogayoḥ sādhyasādhanadharmayoḥ sandigdho vyatirekaḥ //
NB 3.134: avyatireko yathā,
avītarāgo [ayaṃ] vaktṛtvāt /
vaidharmy[eṇ]odāharaṇam,
yatrāvītarāgatvaṃ na asti na sa vaktā, yathopalakhaṇḍa iti / yady apy upalakhaṇḍād ubhayaṃ vyāvṛttaṃ tathāpi(/yo) sarvo vītarāgo na vakteti vyāptyā vyatirekāasiddher avyatirekaḥ //
NB 3.135: apradarśitavyatireko yathā,
anityaḥ śabdaḥ, kṛtakatvād ākāśavad iti [vaidharmyeṇa] //
NB 3.136: viparītavyatireko yathā,
yad akṛtakaṃ tan nityaṃ bhavati iti //
NB 3.137: na hy ebhir dṛṣṭāntābhāsāir hetoḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ sapakṣa eva sattvaṃ vipakṣe ca sarvatrāsattvam eva niścayena śakyaṃ darśayituṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ vā / tad arthāpattyā eṣāṃ nirāso veditavyaḥ(/draṣṭavyaḥ) //
NPra 3. 3: dṛṣṭāntābhāso dvividhaḥ / sādharmyeṇa vaidharmyeṇa ca //
HTU 81: uktā dṛṣṭāntābhāsā aṣṭādaśa //
TSop 3.19. asmiṃś cārthe darśite darśita eva dṛṣṭānto bhavati / etāvanmātratvāt tasyeti / etenaiva dṛṣṭāntadoṣā api nirastā bhavanti /
etenaiveti hetulakṣaṇābhidhānenaiva dṛṣṭāntasyāpi sāmarthyād gatārthatvena dṛṣṭāntadoṣā api sādhanatvena pratyākhyātā bhavanti / yena hetoḥ sāmānyaviśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ yathoktaṃ pradarśyate [sa] saṃyagdṛṣṭāntaḥ / yena punas tasya lakṣaṇadvayaṃ na pradarśyate so dṛṣṭāntābhāsa ity uktaṃ bhavati /
TSop 3.21. na hy ebhir dṛṣṭāntābhāsair hetoḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ sapakṣa eva sattvam asapkṣe cāsattvam eva niścayena śakyaṃ darśayituṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ vā / ebhiḥ sādhyavikalair dṛṣṭāntābhāsair hetoḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ niścayena [na] śakyaṃ darśayituṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ veti saṃbandhanīyam / tadarthāpattyaiṣāṃ nirāso veditavyaḥ / yasmād ebhir dṛṣṭāntābhāsair dvividham api lakṣaṇaṃ na śakyaṃ darśayitum / tasmād arthāpattyaiṣāṃ nirāso draṣṭavyaḥ // |
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